Prostate cancer (PCa) represents a common
malignancy among elder males and one of the leading causes of cancer mortality.
It may present with a variety of clinical behavior, including tumors of very low
clinical significance but also highly aggressive tumors with increased risk of
relapse after initial treatment.
Nowadays, many tumors traditionally treated
either by radical prostatectomy or by external beam
radiation therapy are considered of low clinical significance and such
patients are placed under active surveillance protocols with purpose to reduce
overtreatment.
As a result, in the “active surveillance” era,
there is a need of establishing strong prognostic markers identifying
aggressive tumors as well as clinical significant tumors even among these
initially characterized of low or intermediate risk.
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