Organ and tissue transplantation in developed
countries is in steady increase. We are living in fast changing world with
path-breaking technological advancements as a norm of the day.
Development of the field of organ and tissue
transplantation has accelerated remarkably since the human major
histocompatibility complex (MHC) was discovered. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) contains a set
of cell surface molecules
responsible for binding peptide fragments derived from pathogens and display
them on the cell surface for recognition by the appropriate T cells.
They are located on chromosome 6 having more
than 200 genes in human controlling major part of the immune system responsible
for tolerance and rejection of grafts and in graft against host diseases with a
decisive role in vertibrates with the help of antibodies, antigen presenting
cells, helper and cytotoxic T cell subsets, immune cell surface molecules,
signaling mechanisms and cytokines that they release.
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