Prostate cancer (PCa) represents
a common malignancy among elder males and one of the leading causes of cancer
mortality. It may present with a variety of clinical behavior, including tumors
of very low clinical significance but also highly aggressive tumors with
increased risk of relapse after initial treatment.
Nowadays, many tumors
traditionally treated either by radical prostatectomy or by external beam radiation
therapy are considered of low clinical significance and such patients are
placed under active surveillance protocols with purpose to reduce
overtreatment.
As a result, in the “active
surveillance” era, there is a need of establishing strong prognostic markers
identifying aggressive tumors as well as clinical significant tumors even among
these initially characterized of low or intermediate risk.
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