CLS is one of the life-threatening early complications which
usually occur during hematopoietic stem cell infusion or hematopoietic
reconstruction process in addition to graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) and
infection.
It is characterized by unexplained episodic capillary
hyperpermeability, which causes the shift of fluid and protein from the
intravascular space to the interstitial space. However, since the nonspecific signs and symptoms of CLS and the overlapping manifestations
of early complications after transplantation, CLS tends to be easily confused
with other early complications for clinicians.
In this case, we report an adult with refractory acute
myeloid leukemia who developed fatal CLS during allo-HSCT with review of the
literature.
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