In some cases, non-lactating women can experience nipple
discharge that can be highly distressing. Such discharge is commonly caused by
mammary ductal ectasia (MDE).Factors that can lead to mammary duct ectasia are
still undefined.
However, possible causes of MDE can include congenital
abnormalities of the ductal system, autoimmune reactions, trauma or infections.The
pathogenesis of duct ectasia includes the dilatation of one or more of the
large lactiferous ducts that are filled with a stagnant secretion.
These fluids trigger an irritation reaction
in the surrounding tissues causing periductal mastitis or abscess and fistula formation. In some
instances, a chronic indurated mass formation can take place underneath the
areola that may resemble a carcinoma.
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