Although
allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) offers the possibility
of cure for hematological malignancies, various complications have been
described.
Capillary leak
syndrome (CLS) has been previously observed in HSCT patients. CLS
is a rare disease characterized by recurrent episodes of generalized edema
and severe hypotension along with hypoproteinemia.
A 27-year-old
Chinese man, diagnosed with refractory acute myeloid leukemia, was treated with
a haploidentical stem cell transplant combined with an unrelated umbilical cord
blood unit. The patient developed fatal CLS during the 9th day of the
conditioning therapy.
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